Hihy Health
Encyclopedia

Microsurgical Reconstruction (Free Flap and Perforator Flap Surgery)

#microsurgical reconstruction, #free flap, #perforator flap, #lower limb reconstruction, #head and neck reconstruction, #microvascular surgery

Microsurgical reconstruction is surgery in which tissue taken from another part of the patient's own body is transplanted to repair a large defect in the skin or tissue caused by conditions such as trauma, cancer, or diabetes. It is a highly complex operation in which blood vessels 1–2 mm in diameter are connected under a microscope, and it is used for legs at risk of amputation and for repairing defects after head and neck cancer surgery.

2026-06-26

Neurogenic Bladder

#neurogenic bladder, #overactive bladder, #urinary incontinence, #residual urine, #bladder function, #stroke, #Parkinson's disease, #diabetes mellitus, #urodynamic study, #clean intermittent catheterization

Neurogenic bladder is a condition in which a problem in the nervous system, such as the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves, prevents the bladder from storing or emptying urine properly. Symptoms are often mild at first and easy to overlook, but without treatment, serious complications such as urinary tract infection and kidney failure can occur. If you have an underlying condition such as stroke or diabetes mellitus, please have your bladder function checked regularly.

2026-06-26

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

#fatty liver, #non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, #metabolic syndrome, #obesity, #diabetes

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a condition in which excess fat builds up in the liver even in people who drink little or no alcohol. If left untreated, it may progress to serious conditions such as cirrhosis or liver cancer. Do not rely on dietary supplements on your own. Please consult a medical specialist and begin healthy weight loss under their guidance.

2026-06-26

Obesity

#obesity, #body mass index, #BMI, #abdominal obesity, #severe obesity, #anti-obesity medication, #liraglutide, #bariatric (metabolic) surgery, #fatty liver, #metabolic syndrome

Obesity is a chronic disease in which excess body fat accumulates, and it can cause various complications, such as high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and arthritis. Under Asia-Pacific criteria, obesity is diagnosed when body mass index (BMI) is 25 kg/m² or higher, and, like high blood pressure and diabetes, it is a condition that needs lifelong management. Please consult a medical specialist before deciding on a treatment method.

2026-06-26

Obesity Treatment in Adults

#obesity treatment, #diet therapy, #exercise therapy, #food diary, #calories, #protein, #appetite suppressants, #anti-obesity medication, #weight loss, #yo-yo effect, #anxious feeling in the chest, #restlessness, #worrying for no reason

Obesity is a chronic disease caused by multiple factors, including an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, genetics, environment, and lifestyle habits. Like high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus, it needs ongoing management through education, counseling, diet, exercise, and drug therapy. Please consult a medical specialist before deciding on a treatment method.

2026-06-26

Orthostatic Hypotension

#orthostatic hypotension, #dizziness, #syncope, #autonomic nervous system, #blood pressure, #lightheadedness, #headache, #a splitting headache, #migraine, #back-of-head pain, #feeling dizzy, #spinning sensation, #unsteadiness, #feeling faint, #collapsing, #loss of consciousness, #passing out, #fainting, #lack of energy, #listlessness, #feeling tired all the time

Orthostatic hypotension is a condition in which blood pressure drops sharply when a person suddenly stands up from sitting or lying down, causing dizziness, fainting, and other symptoms. It can also occur in people with high blood pressure. Some studies link it to an increased risk of dementia, so if symptoms recur, please consult a medical specialist.

2026-06-26

Osteoporosis

#osteoporosis, #bone density, #compression fracture, #menopause, #calcium, #vitamin D, #bisphosphonates, #fall prevention, #vertebral fracture, #femoral fracture, #dry cough, #persistent cough, #cough that won't stop

Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become weaker and can break easily even from a minor impact. There are often no symptoms, and it is frequently discovered only after a fracture occurs. The risk is higher in postmenopausal women and older adults, so regular bone density testing and preventive lifestyle habits are important. Please be sure to discuss treatment options with a medical specialist.

2026-06-26

Pancreatic Cancer

#pancreatic cancer, #chemotherapy, #abdominal CT, #jaundice, #chronic pancreatitis

Pancreatic cancer is cancer that develops in the pancreas, an organ located deep within the body. Because it produces few early symptoms, it is often found at a later stage. Please do not attempt to self-diagnose using an online encyclopedia; if you notice any concerning symptoms, be sure to see a gastroenterology or hepatobiliary-pancreatic surgery specialist.

2026-06-26

Periodontal Disease (Gum Disease)

#periodontal disease, #gum disease, #dental scaling, #dementia, #diabetes, #cardiovascular disease, #tooth sensitivity, #sensitive teeth, #gum pain, #toothache

Gum disease (periodontal disease), marked by bleeding and swollen gums, is not limited to the mouth — it can worsen systemic conditions such as dementia, heart disease, and diabetes. Regular visits to a periodontal specialist and routine dental scaling are essential.

2026-06-26

Peripheral Vascular Disease (Leg Vascular Disorders)

#peripheral arterial disease, #deep vein thrombosis, #varicose veins, #atherosclerosis, #edema, #body swelling, #facial swelling, #leg swelling, #swollen hands and feet

Peripheral vascular disease is a condition in which the blood vessels in the legs, far from the heart, become narrowed or blocked by blood clots (thrombi), and it can be a medical emergency. In serious cases, tissue in the leg can die and amputation may be necessary, so if your leg is severely swollen and painful, please consult a cardiology or vascular specialist immediately.

2026-06-26

Pneumonia in Older Adults

#pneumonia, #pneumonia in older adults, #pneumococcus, #flu, #aspiration pneumonia, #vaccination, #immunity, #respiratory tract, #chest ache, #chest pain, #chest tightness, #feeling of stuffiness in the chest, #feeling feverish, #body heat, #high fever, #low-grade fever, #body shaking, #feeling cold and shivering, #cold sensation, #dry cough, #persistent minor cough, #cough that will not stop, #hand tremor, #body tremor

Pneumonia in older adults generally refers to pneumonia that occurs at age 65 or older. Pneumonia is inflammation of the lungs caused by infection with bacteria, viruses, or other organisms. More than 50% of people with pneumonia and more than 90% of people who die of pneumonia are aged 65 or older. In older adults, symptoms are often not obvious, so diagnosis is easily delayed. If you have suspected symptoms, please consult a pulmonology and allergy specialist immediately.

2026-06-26

Prostate Disorders

#benign prostatic hyperplasia, #prostate cancer, #PSA, #difficulty urinating, #sense of incomplete bladder emptying, #nocturia, #hematuria, #acute urinary retention, #kidney failure, #men's health, #urinating frequently, #frequent trips to the bathroom, #blood in urine, #red urine, #bloody urine

Prostate disorders include benign prostatic hyperplasia, which causes difficulty urinating, and prostate cancer, which is increasing rapidly among men. Both conditions tend to have few or mild symptoms in their early stages, making them easy to overlook, but if left unaddressed, they can lead to serious complications such as urinary retention or kidney failure. If you have any urinary symptoms, please be sure to consult a medical specialist.

2026-06-26

Retinal Artery Occlusion

#retinal artery occlusion, #retina, #decreased vision, #eye stroke, #central retinal artery occlusion, #high blood pressure, #diabetes, #blurry vision, #difficulty seeing, #hazy vision

Retinal artery occlusion is a condition in which the artery that supplies blood to the retina is suddenly blocked. Like a stroke, in which a blood vessel in the brain is blocked, it damages the nerve cells involved in vision, and it is sometimes called an 'eye stroke.' If sudden vision loss occurs, seek immediate medical attention at an emergency room or ophthalmology department.

2026-06-26

Schizophrenia

#schizophrenia, #delusions, #auditory hallucinations, #hallucinations, #negative symptoms, #antipsychotic medication, #mental health, #constipation, #difficulty passing stool, #hard stool, #hand tremor, #body tremor, #anxious feeling in the chest, #restlessness, #worrying for no reason

Schizophrenia is a major mental illness in which the ability to distinguish reality from one's own thoughts and perceptions is impaired. In Korean, the disorder was previously called jeongsinbunyeolbyeong (literally, "split-mind disease") but was renamed johyeonbyeong in 2011; the new term means "tuning the strings," reflecting the idea that mental confusion arises when the brain's neural signaling is not properly tuned. With appropriate treatment and management, people with schizophrenia can maintain daily functioning.

2026-06-26

Secondary Amenorrhea

#amenorrhea, #secondary amenorrhea, #polycystic ovary syndrome, #premature ovarian insufficiency, #irregular periods, #hormone testing, #gynecology, #irregular menstrual cycle, #missed period, #late period

Secondary amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstruation for three months or longer in a woman who previously had normal menstrual cycles. It has various causes, and if left unaddressed for a long time, it can affect overall health. Because treatment differs depending on the cause, evaluation by a medical specialist is needed.

2026-06-26