Hihy Health
Encyclopedia

Chronic Osteomyelitis

#chronic osteomyelitis, #osteomyelitis, #open fracture, #shinbone, #tibia, #bone infection, #flap surgery, #multidisciplinary care, #seeing double, #overlapping images

Chronic osteomyelitis is a condition in which bone is infected by bacteria and inflammation persists for a long time. It most often occurs after an open fracture (a fracture in which the bone is exposed to the outside). It is difficult to treat and often recurs, so care at a specialized medical institution is important.

2026-06-26

Diabetes Complications and Management

#Diabetes, #Diabetes complications, #Blood sugar control, #HbA1c, #Retinopathy, #Nephropathy, #Neuropathy, #Cardiovascular disease

When blood sugar remains high over time, diabetes can lead to complications in several organs, including the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and cardiovascular system. Preventing these complications requires blood sugar control along with managing blood pressure and cholesterol/lipid levels, as well as regular complication screening. Please continue treatment consistently with your doctor.

2026-06-26

Diabetic Foot (Diabetic Foot Ulcer)

#diabetic foot, #diabetic foot ulcer, #diabetic complications, #lower limb reconstruction, #amputation, #blood vessels, #neuropathy

Diabetic foot (diabetic foot ulcer) is a complication of diabetes in which an ulcer (sore) forms on the foot and does not heal well. If it is not detected early and treated appropriately, amputation of the foot or leg may become necessary. If you have diabetes, check your feet often, and do not leave even a small wound unattended; please consult a medical specialist.

2026-06-26

Frostbite

#Frostbite, #Cold-related illness, #Chilblains, #Cold wave, #Necrosis, #Fingers, #Toes, #Winter health

Frostbite occurs when body tissue exposed to severe cold freezes. It most often affects exposed areas such as the fingers, toes, nose, and ears. In severe cases, the tissue can undergo necrosis (tissue death), which may require amputation of the affected body part. If you suspect frostbite, protect the area from refreezing and seek medical care right away.

2026-06-26

Lower Extremity Arterial Disease (Peripheral Arterial Disease)

#lower extremity arterial disease, #peripheral arterial disease, #peripheral vascular disease, #leg pain, #atherosclerosis, #limb ischemia, #diabetic foot, #numbness in the hands and feet, #arm numbness, #tingling in the legs

Lower extremity arterial disease occurs when the arteries supplying blood to the legs become narrowed or blocked, reducing blood flow and causing symptoms such as pain, numbness, and delayed wound healing. Delayed diagnosis can lead to serious complications, so please be sure to consult a medical specialist if you experience any unusual symptoms in your legs.

2026-06-26

Lower Extremity Reconstruction

#lower extremity reconstruction, #flap surgery, #skin grafting, #microsurgery, #amputation

Lower extremity reconstruction is surgery that restores a severely injured leg — damaged by trauma or disease — without amputation. Evaluation by a plastic and reconstructive surgery specialist is essential to determine whether the leg can be saved.

2026-06-26

Microsurgical Reconstruction (Free Flap and Perforator Flap Surgery)

#microsurgical reconstruction, #free flap, #perforator flap, #lower limb reconstruction, #head and neck reconstruction, #microvascular surgery

Microsurgical reconstruction is surgery in which tissue taken from another part of the patient's own body is transplanted to repair a large defect in the skin or tissue caused by conditions such as trauma, cancer, or diabetes. It is a highly complex operation in which blood vessels 1–2 mm in diameter are connected under a microscope, and it is used for legs at risk of amputation and for repairing defects after head and neck cancer surgery.

2026-06-26

Peripheral Vascular Disease (Leg Vascular Disorders)

#peripheral arterial disease, #deep vein thrombosis, #varicose veins, #atherosclerosis, #edema, #body swelling, #facial swelling, #leg swelling, #swollen hands and feet

Peripheral vascular disease is a condition in which the blood vessels in the legs, far from the heart, become narrowed or blocked by blood clots (thrombi), and it can be a medical emergency. In serious cases, tissue in the leg can die and amputation may be necessary, so if your leg is severely swollen and painful, please consult a cardiology or vascular specialist immediately.

2026-06-26

Smoking, Health, and Quitting Smoking

#Smoking, #Smoking cessation, #E-cigarettes, #Nicotine, #Tar, #Lung cancer, #Cardiovascular disease, #COPD, #Smoking cessation medication, #Nicotine addiction, #Weakness in arms or legs, #One-sided weakness, #Chest anxiety, #Restlessness, #Unexplained worry, #Feeling down, #Lack of motivation, #Not wanting to do anything

Both regular cigarettes and e-cigarettes are harmful to health. Smoking raises the risk of many conditions, including lung cancer and other cancers, cardiovascular disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Quitting smoking is not easy, but getting help from a medical specialist makes success more likely. If you've decided to quit, please work with a healthcare team rather than trying on your own.

2026-06-26