Hihy Health
Encyclopedia

Melasma

#melasma, #hyperpigmentation, #melanin, #ultraviolet rays, #skin, #laser, #photoaging

Melasma is a condition in which brown or gray-brown pigmented patches appear on the skin. It most often appears on the face, especially the cheeks and forehead. If you have symptoms, please consult a dermatologist.

2026-06-26

Meniere's Disease

#Meniere's disease, #dizziness, #hearing loss, #tinnitus, #inner ear, #vestibular organ, #endolymph, #aural fullness, #lightheadedness, #spinning sensation, #unsteadiness, #vision going dark, #nausea, #feeling about to vomit, #vomiting, #blurry vision, #difficulty seeing, #hazy vision, #ringing in the ears, #noise in the ear, #cannot hear, #difficulty hearing sounds

Meniere's disease is a condition in which excess endolymph builds up in the inner ear, raising the pressure and causing repeated episodes of dizziness, hearing loss, tinnitus, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. The inner ear is the innermost part of the ear and consists of the cochlea, which is responsible for hearing, and the vestibular organ, which is responsible for balance. If left untreated, hearing and vestibular function may worsen permanently. Please consult an otolaryngology (ENT) specialist.

2026-06-26

Meningioma

#meningioma, #brain tumor, #benign tumor, #Gamma Knife, #neurosurgery, #weakness in the arms or legs, #difficulty moving one side of the body

Meningioma is, in most cases, a slow-growing benign tumor. The timing and method of treatment that suit you should be decided carefully in consultation with a neurosurgery specialist.

2026-06-26

Metabolic Syndrome

#Metabolic syndrome, #Insulin resistance, #Abdominal obesity, #Visceral fat, #High blood sugar, #High blood pressure, #Dyslipidemia, #Triglycerides, #HDL cholesterol, #Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease

Metabolic syndrome refers to having at least 3 of the following conditions together: high blood sugar, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and abdominal obesity. Having metabolic syndrome raises the risk of serious conditions such as heart attack, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. It can be effectively prevented and managed through early detection and lifestyle changes, so please check your own status through regular health checkups and evaluation by a medical specialist.

2026-06-26

Metatarsalgia

#metatarsalgia, #ball of foot pain, #sole pain, #calluses, #high heels, #transverse arch, #foot

Metatarsalgia is pain that occurs in the ball of the foot, specifically the sole beneath the base of the second, third, and fourth toes. The metatarsals are the long bones in the foot that lead into the toes. Because it can have various causes, please consult a medical specialist for an accurate diagnosis.

2026-06-26

Microsurgical Reconstruction (Free Flap and Perforator Flap Surgery)

#microsurgical reconstruction, #free flap, #perforator flap, #lower limb reconstruction, #head and neck reconstruction, #microvascular surgery

Microsurgical reconstruction is surgery in which tissue taken from another part of the patient's own body is transplanted to repair a large defect in the skin or tissue caused by conditions such as trauma, cancer, or diabetes. It is a highly complex operation in which blood vessels 1–2 mm in diameter are connected under a microscope, and it is used for legs at risk of amputation and for repairing defects after head and neck cancer surgery.

2026-06-26

Moyamoya Disease

#Moyamoya disease, #cerebrovascular, #cerebral infarction, #cerebral hemorrhage, #transient ischemic attack, #revascularization surgery, #pediatric stroke, #headache, #splitting headache, #migraine, #pain at the back of the head, #weakness in the arms or legs, #difficulty moving one side of the body

Moyamoya disease is a rare cerebrovascular disease in which the major blood vessels leading to the brain gradually become blocked and abnormal blood vessels form. It often presents as cerebral infarction in children and as cerebral hemorrhage in adults. Whether symptoms are present or the condition is found incidentally, please consult a neurosurgery specialist.

2026-06-26

Myofascial Pain Syndrome (Muscle Knots)

#dam (muscle knot), #muscle pain, #myofascial pain syndrome, #trigger point, #injection therapy

This is the condition commonly described in Korean as getting a "dam," in which a hard, painful lump forms in a muscle or in the membrane (fascia) surrounding the muscle. If left untreated, it can lead to chronic pain, so please be sure to be evaluated and treated by a pain medicine specialist.

2026-06-26

Neurogenic Bladder

#neurogenic bladder, #overactive bladder, #urinary incontinence, #residual urine, #bladder function, #stroke, #Parkinson's disease, #diabetes mellitus, #urodynamic study, #clean intermittent catheterization

Neurogenic bladder is a condition in which a problem in the nervous system, such as the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves, prevents the bladder from storing or emptying urine properly. Symptoms are often mild at first and easy to overlook, but without treatment, serious complications such as urinary tract infection and kidney failure can occur. If you have an underlying condition such as stroke or diabetes mellitus, please have your bladder function checked regularly.

2026-06-26

Norovirus Infection

#norovirus, #food poisoning, #winter food poisoning, #acute gastroenteritis, #diarrhea, #vomiting, #handwashing, #stomachache, #tummy ache, #bellyache, #pain inside the abdomen, #feeling feverish, #body heat, #high fever, #low-grade fever, #lack of energy, #listlessness, #persistent tiredness, #loose stools, #watery diarrhea, #frequent bathroom visits

Norovirus infection is acute gastroenteritis caused by norovirus. It circulates mainly in winter (November to February) and spreads through contaminated food or water and through contact between people. Hygiene practices such as handwashing are the most important way to prevent it, and most people recover on their own.

2026-06-26

Novalis Radiosurgery

#Novalis, #radiosurgery, #brain tumor, #cerebral arteriovenous malformation, #brain surgery, #weakness in arms and legs, #difficulty moving one side of the body

Novalis radiosurgery is a method that precisely treats brain tumors and cerebral vascular malformations without opening the skull. Because the safest treatment differs for each patient, be sure to consult a neurosurgeon thoroughly.

2026-06-26

Obesity

#obesity, #body mass index, #BMI, #abdominal obesity, #severe obesity, #anti-obesity medication, #liraglutide, #bariatric (metabolic) surgery, #fatty liver, #metabolic syndrome

Obesity is a chronic disease in which excess body fat accumulates, and it can cause various complications, such as high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and arthritis. Under Asia-Pacific criteria, obesity is diagnosed when body mass index (BMI) is 25 kg/m² or higher, and, like high blood pressure and diabetes, it is a condition that needs lifelong management. Please consult a medical specialist before deciding on a treatment method.

2026-06-26

Oral Hygiene Care During Orthodontic Treatment

#orthodontic treatment, #oral hygiene, #toothbrushing, #interdental brush, #oral irrigator, #dental floss, #orthodontic appliance, #mouthwash, #clear aligners

During orthodontic treatment, appliances attached to the teeth make brushing difficult, and food debris can easily remain. If left unaddressed, this may lead to cavities or gum inflammation, so more careful care is needed. Learn proper brushing techniques and how to use supplementary oral hygiene products to help maintain healthy teeth during orthodontic treatment.

2026-06-26

Orthodontic Treatment for Children

#orthodontics, #pediatric dentistry, #anterior crossbite, #underbite, #maxillary constriction, #permanent teeth, #primary teeth, #mouth breathing, #facial asymmetry

In childhood, teeth that are misaligned or an upper and lower bite that does not fit together properly can make chewing uncomfortable and cause problems with speech. They can also affect facial growth. If you suspect your child has a dental problem, please consult a dental specialist.

2026-06-26

Orthostatic Hypotension

#orthostatic hypotension, #dizziness, #syncope, #autonomic nervous system, #blood pressure, #lightheadedness, #headache, #a splitting headache, #migraine, #back-of-head pain, #feeling dizzy, #spinning sensation, #unsteadiness, #feeling faint, #collapsing, #loss of consciousness, #passing out, #fainting, #lack of energy, #listlessness, #feeling tired all the time

Orthostatic hypotension is a condition in which blood pressure drops sharply when a person suddenly stands up from sitting or lying down, causing dizziness, fainting, and other symptoms. It can also occur in people with high blood pressure. Some studies link it to an increased risk of dementia, so if symptoms recur, please consult a medical specialist.

2026-06-26